Between 1967-70, all Canadian provinces enacted their original (and individual) condominium / strata / copropriété-divise legislation. Since then, providing for mandatory disclosure to, and conferring document-review and rescission rights upon prospective owners (in new development and subsequent resale) has ranged from a minor (in some jurisdictions still almost omitted ) role to a significant and continuously evolving statutory responsibility.
Acquisition of an investment share (unit + % undivided common property interest, or no unit as is now possible in the Ontario common-element condominium) in a condominium-ownership community involves much more than the simple transfer of a static what-you-see-is what-you-get commodity, such as traditional non-condominium housing.
Condominium/strata ownership involves extensive freely-contracted obligations and responsibilities. These flow from both the original constitutional documents and the transitory, statute-permitted, bylaw-based authority vested of the ownership community and its administrative executive (board, council, conseil d'administration). Consequently, common sense (and common law?) dictates that all material aspects, current and prospective, of the investment must be clearly and unequivocally communicated (by, as the case may be, the developer/vendor, the unit vendor, or the condominium corporation) and that sufficient time must be provided to review these facts before a contract is concluded.
Below are synopses/extracts from three provinces that have recently undergone significant statute revisions. The situation in other provinces will be profiled later.
| Developer Disclosure Requirements | ||
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Ontario Disclosure statement |
Alberta Sec. 12 (a) the purchase agreement, (b) the bylaws or proposed bylaws, (c) any management agreement or proposed management agreement, (d) any recreational agreement or proposed recreational agreement, (e) the lease of the parcel, if the parcel on which the unit is located is held under a lease and the certificate of title to the unit or proposed unit has been or will be issued under section 5(1)(b), (f) any mortgage that affects or proposed mortgage that will affect the title to the unit or proposed unit or, in respect of that mortgage or proposed mortgage, a notice prescribed under subsection (2), and (g) the condominium plan or proposed condominium plan. (2) A developer may deliver to the purchaser in respect of a mortgage or proposed mortgage a written notice stating (a) the maximum principal amount available under the mortgage, (b) the maximum monthly payment that may be paid under the mortgage, (c) the amortization period, (d) the term, (e) the interest rate or the formula, if any, for determining the interest rate, and (f) the prepayment privileges, if any. (3) Subject to subsection (4), a purchaser who purchases a residential unit pursuant to this section may, by providing written notice to the developer and without incurring any liability for doing so, rescind the purchase agreement within 10 days from the date the purchase agreement was executed by the parties to it. (4) A purchaser may not rescind the purchase agreement under subsection (3) if all the documents required to be delivered to the purchaser under subsection (1) have been delivered to the purchaser not less than 10 days prior to the execution of the purchase agreement by the parties to it. (5) If a purchase agreement is rescinded under subsection (3), the developer shall, within 10 days from the developer's receipt of a written notice by the purchaser of the rescission, return to the purchaser all of the money paid in respect of the purchase of the residential unit. (6) A developer shall provide to a purchaser of a unit prior to or at the time that the purchaser takes possession of the unit or proposed unit an occupancy permit or permission in writing to occupy the unit or proposed unit that is issued or given pursuant to the regulations under the Safety Codes Act. RSA 1980 cC-22 s9;1996 c12 s8 Rescission of purchase agreement Sec. 13 (a) a notification that is at least as prominent as the rest of the contents of the purchase agreement and that is printed on the outside front cover or on the first page of the purchase agreement in bold face, in upper case and in larger print than the rest of the purchase agreement stating as follows: "The purchaser may, without incurring any liability for doing so, rescind this agreement within 10 days after its execution by the parties to it unless all of the documents required to be delivered to the purchaser under section 12 of the Condominium Property Act have been delivered to the purchaser not less than 10 days prior to the execution of this agreement by the parties to it."; (b) where the units and the common property are not substantially completed at the time that the purchase agreement is entered into, a description, drawing or photograph showing (i) where there is a building, the interior finishing of and all major improvements to the common property located within a building, (ii) all major improvements to the common property, other than those to which subclause (i) applies, (iii) any significant utility installations, major easement areas, retaining walls and other similar significant features, (iv) the recreational facilities, equipment and other amenities to be used by the persons residing in or on the residential units, (v) the equipment to be used for the maintenance of the common property, (vi) the location of roadways, walkways, fences, parking areas and recreational facilities, (vii) the landscaping, and (viii) where there is a building, the exterior finishing of the building, as they will exist when the developer has fulfilled the developer's obligations under the purchase agreement; (c) the amount or estimated amount of the monthly unit contributions that has been determined on a reasonable economic basis in respect of the unit; (d) the unit factor of the unit and the basis of unit factor apportionment for all units comprised in the condominium plan.
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British
Columbia 66 (1 "Neither the Superintendent of Real Estate nor any other authority of the government of British Columbia has in any way passed on the merits of the matters dealt with in this disclosure statement. This disclosure statement has been filed with the Superintendent of Real Estate but the superintendent has not determined whether or not it complies with Part 2 of the Real Estate Act." Form of prospectus 69 (1) Every prospectus submitted to the superintendent under section 61 relating to land described in a subdivision plan referred to in section 61 (1) must be accompanied by all of the following: Rescission 78(2) A person who has entered into a contract in British Columbia (a) to purchase or lease a time share interest, located in or outside British Columbia, (b) to purchase or lease subdivided land located in British Columbia, or (c) to purchase a shared interest in land located in or outside British Columbia and who continues to be beneficially entitled to an interest in the subdivided land, the shared interest in land or the time share interest, may rescind the contract by serving written notice of rescission on the developer or the developer's agent, in the case of a contract relating to a shared interest in land or a time share interest within 7 days after, and in the case of a contract relating to subdivided land within 3 days after, whichever date is the later, (d) the date the contract was entered into, or (e) the date the person received a copy of the prospectus required under this Part in respect of that subdivided land, shared interest in land or time share interest. |
With respect to resales, these three provinces (but not all others) legislate the obligation of condominium corporations to deliver documentation pertinent to the prospective investment. But, it must be requested, and no review/rescission periods are stipulated. Some real estate boards include a review period in their standard forms or via addendum; others don't. Of course, whether legislated or not, and regardless of standard forms, purchasers everywhere have the right to request, as a condition to an offer or even beforehand, pertinent information such as that detailed below, and to stipulate any appropriate review and acceptance delay before being bound. However, unless there is a statutory obligation such as below, the right to request does not translate into the right to receive.
| Resale Disclosure Requirements | ||
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Ontario Status certificate
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Alberta On the written request of an owner, purchaser or mortgagee of a unit the corporation shall, within 10 days after receiving that request, provide to the person making the request one or more of the following as requested by that person: (a) a statement setting out the amount of any contributions due and payable in respect of a unit; (b) the particulars of (i) any action commenced against the corporation and served on the corporation, (ii) any unsatisfied judgment or order for which the corporation is liable, and (iii) any written demand made on the corporation for an amount in excess of $5000 that, if not met, may result in an action being brought against the corporation; (c) the particulars of or a copy of any subsisting management agreement; (d) the particulars of or a copy of any subsisting recreational agreement; (e) the particulars of any post tensioned cables that are located anywhere on or within the property that is included in the condominium plan; (f) a copy of the budget of the corporation; (g) a copy of the most recent financial statements, if any, of the corporation; (h) a copy of the bylaws of the corporation; (i) a copy of any minutes of proceedings of a general meeting of the corporation or of the board; (j) a statement setting out the amount of the capital replacement reserve fund; (k) a statement setting out the amount of the monthly contributions and the basis on which that amount was determined; (l) a statement setting out the unit factors and the criteria used to determine unit factor allocation; (m) a statement setting out any structural deficiencies that the corporation has knowledge of at the time of the request in any of the buildings that are included in the condominium plan; (n) a copy of any lease agreement or exclusive use agreement with respect to the possession of a portion of the common property, including a parking stall or storage unit. RSA 1980 cC-22 s36;1996 c12 s36
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British Columbia Information Certificate
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